Journal: bioRxiv
Article Title: A translational porcine model to assess the graded impact of hemorrhage and aortic occlusion on cardiovascular hemodynamics and renal perfusion
doi: 10.64898/2026.02.05.703869
Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) From superior to inferior and left to right: (1) Right External Jugular Vein – 7 Fr. cannula for central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring, (2) Left External Jugular vein – 7 Fr. triple lumen catheter for for fluid and drug administration, (3) Left Carotid Artery, 3-4mm Perivascular Transonic flow probe, (4) Left Subclavian Artery – 7Fr Cannula for proximal arterial pressure monitoring, (5) Right Brachial Artery, 5Fr. catheter for blood sampling, (6) Brachiocephalic arterial trunk, 6-8mm Perivascular Transonic flow probe, (7) Ascending Aorta (aortic root), 20-24mm Perivascular Transonic flow probe, (8) Left Ventricle, Transonic Pressure-Volume Catheter introduced via apical stick, (9) Proximal Descending Aorta, 12-14mm Perivascular Transonic Flow probe, (10) Left Renal Artery, 3-4 mm Perivascular Transonic Flow probe, (11) Distal Descending Aorta, 6-8 mm Perivascular Transonic flow probe, (12) Right Femoral Artery – 7 Fr. cannula reserved for distal pressure monitoring generally positioned infrarenal, (13) Left Femoral Artery - 9 Fr. cannula for introduction of the balloon catheter (balloon is inflated in the figure), (14) Left Femoral Vein – 9 Fr. MAC catheter for hemorrhage, transfusion and fluid resuscitation via automated Masterflex pump, and (15) Foley catheter for urine collection. Not depicted in the illustration are the endotracheal tube, splenectomy, or rectal temperature probe. We’d like to acknowledge Mr. Jerry Louis Shelton at Texas A&M University for his assistance in generating the pig illustration in panel 1A. (B) Experimental timeline depicting controlled 30-minute hemorrhage period, followed by 30 minutes of aortic occlusion, a 10-minute balloon wean and 3-hour critical care resuscitation phase. Animals were randomized to 10%, 20% or 30% hemorrhage (by volume), and then randomized to either no aortic occlusion, partial REBOA (p-REBOA) and full REBOA (f-REBOA) intervention groups. Autologous blood re-transfusion and balloon weaning occurred between 65–75 minutes, after which a closed-loop critical care algorithm was initiated to maintain target MAP>65 mmHg for three hours (until time 240 minutes).
Article Snippet: To monitor the hemodynamic response, we used a Perivascular Flow Module with six ultrasonic flow probes (TS420, Transonic Systems Inc., Ithaca, NY).
Techniques: Sampling